Psychologist

Psychologists specialize in mental health. Psychologists are not MDs; MDs specializing in mental health are called psychiatrists. Psychologists use a variety of techniques to treat patients with mental illnesses, including psychotherapy, psychoanalysis, hospitalization, and medication, or a combination of these methods. Unlike psychologists, psychiatrists are MDs and can prescribe medication. They work in a variety of settings as many organizations keep one or more on staff.

There are many different specialties available for psychologists. The largest specialty is clinical psychology. Other specialties include counseling, school psychology, industrial and organizational psychology, developmental psychology and experimental or research psychology.

It is vital for psychologists to be emotionally stable as they deal primarily with the mind, and therefore the emotions. Psychologists need a good bedside manner, self-motivation, and a strong desire to help others. Mental and physical stamina to handle the pressure is also important.

Education and Credentials Required
Psychologists must complete a Ph. or Ph.D. of Psy.D. (Doctor of Psychology) degree. This usually requires five to seven years of study and a dissertation, although other options are available such as qualification through work experience. A bachelors degree in psychology qualifies an individual to assist a psychologist, whereas a masters qualifies one to work as industrial-organizational or school psychologist. All states require psychologists to be licensed.

Future Prospects
Employment opportunities for psychologists are expected to rise faster than average. This is primarily driven by demand in schools hospitals and social services centers. Opportunities will be best in rural and low-income areas, due to the lower concentration of physicians practicing in these areas. The specialty with the most growth overall is school psychology.

Salary Range
The median salary, as of 2002, for psychologists was $51,170, Self-employed Psychologists can expect to earn significantly more than salaried Psychologists. Experience, location, skill, reputation, hours worked and other factors impact income. Self-employed psychologists pay for their own health benefits and retirement.